What does the term "variable" refer to in mathematics?

In mathematics, the term "variable" specifically refers to a symbol that represents an unknown quantity. Variables are essential in mathematical equations and expressions because they allow for the representation of numbers that can change or vary. For instance, in the equation (x + 5 = 10), the letter (x) serves as a variable representing an unknown number that, when determined, solves the equation.

By using variables, mathematicians can create general formulas and solve problems that apply to a wide range of scenarios, rather than limiting themselves to specific numeric values. This flexibility is crucial for developing algebraic concepts and performing calculations in various fields of mathematics and applied sciences. Thus, the correct interpretation of a variable is that it stands for a quantity that is not yet known but can be identified within a given context or problem statement.